Everything about Dulia totally explained
In
Christianity,
veneration (
Latin veneratio,
Greek δουλια
dulia), or
veneration of saints, is a special act of honoring a
saint: a dead person who has been identified as singular in the traditions of the religion, and through them honoring
God who made them and in whose image they're made. It is practiced by the
Eastern Orthodox Church, the
Roman Catholic Church, and some members of the
Anglican Communion, Veneration is often shown outwardly by respectfully bowing or making the
sign of the cross before a saint's
icon,
relics, or statue. These items may also be kissed.
In Roman Catholic, Orthodox, and
Anglo Catholic theology, veneration is a type of honor distinct from the
worship due to God alone. Church theologians have long adopted the terms
latria for the sacrificial worship due to God alone, and
dulia for the veneration given to saints and icons. Catholic theology also includes the term
hyperdulia for the type of veneration specifically paid to
Mary, mother of Jesus, in Catholic tradition. This distinction is spelled out in the
dogmatic conclusions of the
Seventh Ecumenical Council (
787), which also decreed that
iconoclasm (forbidding icons and their veneration) is a
heresy that amounts to a denial of the
incarnation of
Jesus.
Now, the
Roman Catholic tradition has a well established philosophy for the veneration of the Virgin Mary via the field of
Mariology with Pontifical schools such as the
Marianum specifically devoted to this task.
In Hebrew the word for honoring a person such as a king or prophet is שׁחה, which is the same word for worship of God. Examples of such worship of or honoring men are demonstrated in 1 Kings 1:23 where the Prophet
Nathan bowed (שָׁחָה) to
King David:
And they told the king saying, "Behold, Nathan the prophet." And he came in before the king and he prostrated himself unto the king upon his face, to the ground.
This word is also used in Genesis 23:7, 27:29, 33:3, 2 Kings 2:15, 1 Samuel 25:41 to refer to honoring men by bowing to them or falling prostrate.
Possible veneration of an angel, which is identified as the Archangel Michael in rabbinical commentary, can be found in Joshua 5:14:
And he said, "Nay, but as captain of the host of the LORD have I now come." And Joshua fell on his face to the earth and worshiped, and said unto him, "What saith my lord unto his servant?" (21st Century KJV)
Other religious traditions
In
Protestantism, as well as monotheistic religions such as
Islam and
Judaism, veneration is sometimes considered to amount to the heresy of
idolatry, and the related practice of
canonization amounts to the heresy of
apotheosis.
Protestant theology usually denies that any real distinction between veneration and
worship can be made, and claims that the practice of veneration distracts the Christian soul from its true object, the worship of God. In his
Institutes of the Christian Religion,
John Calvin writes that "(t)he distinction of what is called
dulia and
latria was invented for the very purpose of permitting divine honours to be paid to angels and dead men with apparent impunity." Likewise, Islam also condemns any veneration of icons. The Hindu honoring of icons and
murtis, often seen as idolatry, may also be looked upon as a kind of veneration.
In the tradition of
Green theology (or Creation-centered theology) animals, plants, and other parts of nature may be said to be
venerated simply by taking good care of them, thereby showing honor and respect for God who made them.
Creation, being regarded as an icon of the Creator, is a valid object of veneration.
Philologically, to venerate derives from the
Latin verb,
venerare, meaning to regard with reverence and respect. This word derives from the same root as the name
Venus, the goddess of love of the ancient Roman pantheon.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Dulia'.
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